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INDONESIA
JURNAL ECONOMIA
ISSN : 18582648     EISSN : 24601152     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
Jurnal Economia (JECO) is published by Faculty of Economics, Yogyakarta State University. It publishes theoretical or research manuscripts related to 1. Economics 2. Accounting 3. Management 4. Business 5. Entrepreneurship, and 6. Finance
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Articles 10 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol 18, No 2: October 2022" : 10 Documents clear
Impacts of Sustainability Performance and Firm Characteristics on Risk and Corporate Value Lilik Handajani; Lalu Hamdani Husnan; Endar Pituringsih
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (313.725 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.42883

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AbstractThis research investigates the effect of sustainability performance and firm characteristics on risk and corporate value by applying a structural equation model. The focus of the analysis is on Indonesian companies that received sustainability ratings continuously from the Asia Sustainability Reporting Award during the 2018-2019 period. The process involved analyzing secondary data presented in annual and sustainability reports to obtain relevant content for corporate sustainability performance. The findings showed that the improvement of the sustainability performance was able to significantly reduce corporate risk but did not have any influence on corporate value. It was also discovered that large companies with political connections face increased risk, thereby, limiting their ability to enhance corporate value significantly. Moreover, the incorporation of sustainability investment strategies was observed to require business risk management to reduce future environmental and social risks associated with long-term corporate value creation. Keywords:sustainability performance, risk, firm value Dampak Kinerja Keberlanjutan dan Karakteristik Perusahaan Terhadap Risiko dan Nilai Perusahaan AbstrakPenelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh kinerja keberlanjutan dan karakteristik perusahaan terhadap risiko dan nilai perusahaan. Analisis model struktural digunakan untuk menguji perusahaan Indonesia yang secara konsisten menerima peringkat keberlanjutan dari Asia Sustainability Reporting Award pada tahun 2018-2019. Data sekunder berupa laporan tahunan dan laporan keberlanjutan perusahaan dianalisis untuk memperoleh konten yang relevan dengan kinerja keberlanjutan perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kinerja keberlanjutan akan menurunkan risiko perusahaan secara signifikan, namun tidak mempengaruhi peningkatan nilai perusahaan. Perusahaan besar dengan koneksi politik dapat menghadapi peningkatan risiko, namun tidak dapat berkontribusi secara signifikan untuk peningkatan nilai perusahaan. Penggabungan strategi investasi keberlanjutan membutuhkan manajemen risiko bisnis untuk mengurangi risiko lingkungan dan sosial di masa depan untuk penciptaan nilai perusahaan dalam jangka panjang. Kata kunci:kinerja keberlanjutan; risiko, nilai perusahaan
Factors That Influence the Interest in Becoming an Investor in the Capital Market Irine Herdjiono; Jumiati Jumiati
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (371.445 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.48184

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AbstractThis study aims to examine factors that influence students' interest in becoming investors in the capital market. Factors to be tested include minimum capital, investment risk, perception of return, and financial literacy. The number of samples used is 360 respondents selected using a simple random sampling technique. This quantitative research used primary data; a questionnaire was measured using a Likert scale and binary logistic regression analysis. The results showed that minimum capital and investment risk had a negative and significant influence on the investor’s interest, perception of return had no effect on the investor’s interest, and financial literacy had a positive and significant effect on the investor’s interest. Therefore, the limited funds owned by students should be a concern to increase the interest of Millenials to invest in the capital market and improve education about financial literacy. Keywords: minimum capital, investment risk, financial literacy Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Menjadi Investor di Pasar Modal AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat mahasiswa untuk menjadi investor di pasar modal. Faktor-faktor yang akan diuji antara lain modal minimum, risiko investasi, persepsi pengembalian, dan literasi keuangan. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 360 responden yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data primer yaitu kuesioner yang diukur menggunakan skala likert dan analisis regresi logistik biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal minimum dan risiko investasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap minat investor, persepsi pengembalian tidak berpengaruh terhadap minat investor, dan literasi keuangan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat investor. Keterbatasan dana yang dimiliki oleh mahasiswa harus menjadi perhatian untuk meningkatkan minat kaum milenial untuk berinvestasi di pasar modal dan peningkatan program literasi keuangan perlu ditingkatkan. Kata kunci: modal minimum, risiko investasi, literasi keuangan
The Impact of Digitalization on MSMEs’ Financial Performance: The Mediating Role of Dynamic Capability Maya Indriastuti; Indri Kartika
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (326.489 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.42790

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AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the 82.9% of MSMEs. They experienced a significant decrease in operating profit due to fixed production costs or increased production costs while the sales declined. Therefore, it requires various strategies to boost the financial performance of MSMEs through digitalization and dynamic capability. The sample consisted of 282 respondents from MSMEs in Central Java which then all primary data were processed using structural equation model analysis. The results of the study showed that digitalization and dynamic capability could enhance the MSMEs' financial performanceand the variable of dynamic capability succeeded in mediating the effect of digitalization on the MSMEs' financial performance. Keywords:digitalization, dynamic capability, MSMEs' financial performance Dampak Digitalisasi Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan UMKM: Peran Mediasi Kemampuan Dinamis AbstrakPandemi COVID-19 telah menyebabkan 82,9% UMKM mengalami dampak negatif yakni penurunan profit usahasecara signifikan akibat biaya produksi tetap atau bahkan meningkat sementara penjualan menurun. Oleh karena itu di butuhkan berbagai strategi untuk mendongkrak kinerja keuangan UMKM melalui digitalization dan dynamic capability. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 282 responden dari UMKM di Jawa Tengah yang kemudian semua data primer diolah menggunakan analisis Structural Equation Modeling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel digitalizationdan dynamic capability mampu meningkatkan kinerja keuangan UMKM serta variabel dynamic capability berhasil memediasi pengaruh digitalization dengan kinerja keuangan UMKM. Kata kunci:digitalization, dynamic capability, kinerja keuangan UMKM
Analysis of Organizational Commitment and Leadership Style as Moderation Variables in Achieving Managerial Performance Aida Nahar
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (278.674 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.47800

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AbstractThis study aims to analyze the moderating variables that affect the managerial performance of furniture companies in Jepara district. Managerial performance is achieved if the planning involves the participation of employees. Management and employees jointly design company plans. Therefore, this study examines whether budgetary participation affects managerial performance. In addition, the moderating variables of organizational commitment and leadership style were investigated in this study to strengthen the influence of budgetary participation on managerial performance. The population of this study was managers and employees of furniture companies in Jepara district, amounting to 77,817.The sampling technique was random sampling method and the technique of data analysis used moderated regression analysis. The result reveals that managerial performance is influenced by budgetary participation if there is organizational commitment and depends on the company's leadership style.  Keywords: Budgetaryparticipation; Organizational commitment; Leadership style; and managerial performance Analisis Komitmen Organisasi dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Sebagai Variabel Moderasi dalam Pencapaian Kinerja Manajerial AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variabel moderasi yang mempengaruhi kinerja manajerial perusahaan mebel di kabupaten Jepara. Kinerja manajerial tercapai jika perencanaan melibatkan partisipasi karyawan. Manajer dan karyawan bersama-sama merancang rencana perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengkaji apakah partisipasi penyusunan anggaran berpengaruh terhadap kinerja manajerial. Selain itu, komitmen organisasi dan gaya kepemimpian diteliti dalam penelitian ini untuk menguji apakah dapat memperkuat pengaruh partisipasi anggaran terhadap kinerja manajerialnya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah manajer dan karyawan perusahaan mebel di kabupaten Jepara yang berjumlah 77.817 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode random sampling dan teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi moderasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah efektivitas bisnis dipengaruhi oleh partisipasi anggaran jika ada komitmen organisasi dan tergantung pada gaya kepemimpinan perusahaan Kata kunci: Partisipasi Anggaran, Komitmen Organisasi, Gaya Kepemimpinan, dan Kinerja Manajerial
How Cultural Intelligence Develop Students’ Social Entrepreneurship in Indonesia? Rudi Yacub; Herlina Herlina; Irfan Sophan Himawan
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (381.517 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.44488

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AbstractThis study aims to identify the ability of cultural intelligence, intellectual capital, and risk perception of students in the formation and development of social entrepreneurship. Students are expected to be able to help solve social problems following the goals of social entrepreneurship. This study uses a deductive approach and quantitative data processing using the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The sample consists of 612 respondents who are students from 11 universities in Indonesia who have taken entrepreneurship courses. The results show that cultural intelligence and intellectual capital had a positive effect on social entrepreneurship, while risk perception did not have a positive effect. This is because students prioritize the formation and development of social entrepreneurship rather than think about the shareable risks. Furthermore, this research contributes to universities and the government in developing social entrepreneurship in the community. Keywords: Cultural Intelligence, Intellectual Capital, Risk Perception, Social Entrepreneurship Bagaimana Kecerdasan Budaya Mengembangkan Kewirausahaan Sosial Mahasiswa di Indonesia? AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kemampuan kecerdasan budaya, modal intelektual, dan persepsi risiko mahasiswa dalam pembentukan dan pengembangan kewirausahaan sosial. Mahasiswa diharapkan dapat membantu memecahkan masalah sosial sesuai dengan tujuan kewirausahaan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deduktif dan pengolahan data kuantitatif menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM). Sampel terdiri dari 612 responden yang merupakan mahasiswa dari 11 perguruan tinggi di Indonesia yang telah mengambil mata kuliah kewirausahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan budaya dan modal intelektual berpengaruh positif terhadap kewirausahaan sosial, sedangkan persepsi risiko tidak berpengaruh positif. Hal ini dikarenakan mahasiswa lebih mengutamakan pembentukan dan pengembangan social entrepreneurship daripada memikirkan resiko yang dapat ditanggung bersama. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi bagi perguruan tinggi dan pemerintah dalam mengembangkan kewirausahaan sosial di masyarakat. Kata kunci: Kecerdasan Budaya, Modal Intelektual, Persepsi Risiko, Kewirausahaan Sosial
Innovative Work Performance as Mediation Organizational Culture On Employee Performance I Wayan Gde Sarmawa; Ida Ayu Oka Martini; Ida Ayu Putu Widani Sugianingrat; Anak Agung Dwi Widyani; Ni Ketut Karwini
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (501.526 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.34445

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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze (1) the influence of organizational culture on positive work behavior; (2) the influence of organizational culture and innovative work behavior on employee performance; and (3) the role of innovative work behavior in mediates the relationship of organizational culture with employee performance. The study was conducted at the Rural Credit Bank (RCB) in Badung Regency, Bali Province. The number of research samples is 52 RCB. The respondents in this study are 156 employees. The data is analyzed using SmartPLS 3.2.8 program. The result shows that organizational culture shows a significant positive effect on innovative work behavior. Work culture and innovative work behavior also have a significant positive effect on employee performance at RCB. It is concluded that innovative work behavior acts as a mediator in the relationship between organizational culture and the performance of RCB employees. Keywords: organizational culture, innovative work behavior, employee performance  Prestasi Kerja Inovatif Sebagai Mediasi Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis (1) pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap perilaku kerja positif; (2) pengaruh budaya organisasi dan perilaku kerja inovatif terhadap kinerja pegawai; dan (3) peran perilaku kerja inovatif dalam memediasi hubungan budaya organisasi dengan kinerja pegawai. Penelitian dilakukan di Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) di Kabupaten Badung, Provinsi Bali. Jumlah sampel penelitian adalah 52 RCB. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 156 karyawan. Data dianalisis menggunakan program SmartPLS 3.2.8. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif. Budaya kerja dan perilaku kerja inovatif juga berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan di RCB. Disimpulkan bahwa perilaku kerja inovatif berperan sebagai mediator dalam hubungan antara budaya organisasi dengan kinerja pegawai RCB. Kata kunci: budaya organisasi, perilaku kerja yang inovatif, kinerja karyawan
The Role of Product and Service Quality in A Competitive Position: Depositors’ Satisfaction Jusni Jusni; Andi Aswan; Gunawan Baharuddin; Hafizah Abdul Rahim
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (299.494 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.52330

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AbstractThe study seeks how the Regional Development Banks operating in South and West Sulawesi maintain and attract depositors by evaluating the deposit products and banking service quality that have an impact on depositors' satisfaction. The study collected data using questionnaires distributed to 100 depositors owned by three Regional Development Banks. The data collected is then used to analyze the constructs of savings products, quality of banking services, and satisfaction using factor analysis to ensure that the five indicators proposed for each construct are eligible to be analyzed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method. The study found that the construction of deposit products and service quality have a positive impact on depositors' satisfaction with a dominant impact on deposit products. Banking service quality delivered by RDBs can attract deposit consumers as they have already convenience with the products and service quality Keywords:Product Quality, Product Features, Service Quality, Depositors’ Satisfaction Peran Produk dan Kualitas Layanan dalam Daya Saing: Studi Kasus tentang Kepuasan Nasabah AbstrakPenelitian ini mengumpulkan data 100 simpanan pada tiga Bank Pembangunan Daerah. Data yang terkumpul kemudian digunakan untuk menganalisis konstruk produk tabungan, kualitas layanan perbankan, dan kepuasan menggunakan analisis faktor untuk memastikan bahwa kelima indikator yang diajukan untuk setiap konstruk memenuhi syarat untuk dianalisis menggunakan metode Structural Equation Model (SEM). Temuan menunjukkan bahwa, kecuali daya tanggap untuk konstruk kualitas layanan perbankan, semua variabel terukur dikatakan dapat mendefinisikan konstruknya. Lebih lanjut, konstruksi produk simpanan dan kualitas layanan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan nasabah dengan dampak dominan terhadap produk simpanan. Artinya, fitur-fitur yang ditawarkan dan kualitas layanan perbankan yang diberikan oleh BPD dapat menarik minat nasabah simpanan karena sudah memiliki kemudahan dengan kualitas produk dan layanan.. Kata kunci: Kualitas produk, fitur produk, kualitas pelayanan, kepuasan nasabah.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Performance of Indonesian Stock Market: An Event Study Analysis Andhyka Tyaz Nugraha; Yusro Hakimah; Agung Masyad Fawzi
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (538.487 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.38821

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AbstractThe aims of study are to analyze and evaluate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) performance before, during, and after the official announcement day on March 2nd, 2020. Five industry sectors were observed, i.e agriculture, property, manufacture, consumer, and mining sector. Event study analysis method is used to value the short-term influence of the announcement day on the selected stock market performance in Indonesia. The findings of the study indicated that manufacturing and consumer sectors had better stock performance with positive results of their abnormal return, unlike the agriculture and property sectors which showed the opposite result of their stock performance. The stock performance in the mining sector remained stable even after the announcement day. Indonesian Government, particularly the companies’ management, is expected to pay more attention to the aggrieved industries because of the negative effect of outbreaks, especially on the agriculture and property sector. Keywords: COVID-19, Event Study, Abnormal Return, Stock Performance, Indonesia Stock Exchange Pandemi COVID-19 dan Kinerja Pasar Saham Indonesia: Analisis Studi Peristiwa AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi dampak wabah COVID-19 terhadap kinerja Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) sebelum, selama, dan setelah hari pengumuman resmi pada tanggal 2 Mei 2020. Lima sektor industri yang diamati yaitu sektor pertanian, properti, manufaktur, konsumen, dan pertambangan. Kami menggunakan metode analisis studi peristiwa dalam penelitian ini untuk menilai pengaruh jangka pendek hari pengumuman terhadap kinerja pasar saham terpilih di Indonesia. Hasil studi empiris menunjukkan bahwa sektor konsumen dan manufaktur memiliki kinerja saham yang lebih baik dengan hasil yang positif dari abnormal return-nya, tidak seperti sektor properti dan pertanian yang menunjukkan hasil sebaliknya dari kinerja sahamnya. Kinerja saham di sektor pertambangan tetap stabil bahkan setelah hari pengumuman. Pemerintah Indonesia, khususnya manajemen perusahaan, diharapkan lebih memperhatikan industri yang dirugikan akibat dampak negatif wabah, terutama pada sektor pertanian dan properti. Kata kunci: COVID-19, Studi Peristiwa, Abnormal Return, Kinerja Saham, Bursa Efek Indonesia.
Fishing Business Performance Analysis: An Entrepreneurial Approach Rusdiaman Rauf; Hengki Wijaya
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (226.271 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.39698

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AbstractEntrepreneurship requires work motivation, entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurship commitment to improving business performance in various types of businesses, especially in the business activities of fishing communities. This study used a purposeful sample of 70 respondents and focused on fishermen who use boats as fishing equipment in the sea.  The results of the study indicate that work motivation and commitment to entrepreneurship directly and partially have a significant positive effect on business performance, while entrepreneurial learning has an insignificant effect, while simultaneously work motivation, entrepreneurial learning and commitment to entrepreneurship have a positive and significant effect on business performance.  Keywords: Work motivation, entrepreneurial learning, entrepreneurial commitment,               business performance Analisis Kinerja Usaha Penangkapan Ikan:Suatu Pendekatan Kewirausahaan AbstrakKewirausahaan membutuhkan motivasi kerja, pembelajaran kewirausahaan dan komitmen kewirausahaan untuk meningkatkan kinerja usaha di berbagai jenis usaha, terutama dalam kegiatan usaha masyarakat nelayan. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan secara purposive pada nelayan yang memiliki perahu sebagai alat tangkap ikan di laut dengan jumlah sampel 70 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi kerja dan komitmen berwirausaha secara langsung dan parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja usaha, sedangkan pembelajaran kewirausahaan berpengaruh tidak signifikan, sedangkan secara simultan motivasi kerja, pembelajaran kewirausahaan dan komitmen berwirausaha berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. pada kinerja usaha. Kata kunci: Motivasi kerja, pembelajaran wirausaha, komitmen wirausaha, kinerja usaha
Antecedents and Consequences Psychological Contract Fulfillment Sunarta Sunarta; Vigoureux Chinyabuuma Titho; Yunus Agung Kristanto; Rini Setyaningsih
Jurnal Economia Vol 18, No 2: October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Economics Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with the Institute for

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (274.43 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/economia.v18i2.47382

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AbstractThis study aims to examine the role of psychological contract fulfillment in mediating the effect of achievement motivation and affective commitment on salesforce performance. The research was conducted on the dynamics and uncertainties of the post-global pandemic 2020. The study was done through a survey of 130 salesforces who are suppliers of retail businesses. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square-PLS. The study results showed a direct influence of achievement motivation and affective commitment on sales performance and an indirect effect through the fulfillment of the psychological contract. Employees with high achievement motivation and higher affective commitment will be accompanied by efforts to fulfill psychological contracts that ultimately affect performance. The study’s findings risults provide potential implications for psychological contracts for more flexible work arrangements in dynamics and environmental uncertainty. Keywords:achievement motivation, affective commitment, salesforce performance, psychological contract fulfillment Anteseden dan Konsekuensi Pemenuhan Kontrak Psikologis AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peran pemenuhan kontrak psikologis dalam memediasi pengaruh motivasi berprestasi dan komitmen afektif terhadap kinerja tenaga penjualan. Penelitian dilakukan pada kondisi dinamika dan ketidakpastian lingkungan post global pandemic 2020. Penelitian dilakukan melalui survei terhadap 130 tenaga penjualan yang merupakan pemasok usaha retail. Data dianalisis dengan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) berbasis Partial Least Square. Hasil penelitian menemukan pengaruh langsung motivasi berprestasi dan komitmen afektif terhadap kinerja penjualan dan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui pemenuhan kontrak psikologis. Karyawan dengan motivasi berprestasi dan komitmen afektif yang lebih tinggi akan diiringi dengan upaya karyawan untuk memenuhi kontrak psikologis dan akhirnya berpengaruh terhadap kinerja. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi potensi kontrak psikologis untuk pengaturan kerja yang lebih fleksibel di tengah dinamika dan ketidakpastian lingkungan. Kata kunci:motivasi berprestasi, komitmen afektif, kinerja tenaga penjualan, pemenuhan kontrak psikologis

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